What is Sufism? is a seminal introductory work by Martin Lings (also known as Abu Bakr Siraj ad-Din), a renowned British scholar, poet, and Sufi practitioner. The book is widely regarded as one of the clearest and most accessible explanations of Sufism for a Western audience, written by someone deeply immersed in its tradition.
Key Themes & Approach:
Authoritative Insight: Lings writes not only as an academic but as an initiated practitioner, offering an insider’s perspective on Sufism as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam.
Core Definition: He presents Sufism as the heart of Islamic spirituality—focusing on the pursuit of divine love, knowledge, and inner purification (tazkiyah).
Historical & Philosophical Context: The book covers the origins of Sufism, its relationship with Islamic law (Sharia), key concepts like the Nafs (ego) and the spiritual journey, and the role of the Sheikh and Sufi orders (tariqas).
Cultural Expression: Lings also touches on Sufism's manifestation in poetry, music (like Qawwali), and art, highlighting figures such as Rumi and Ibn Arabi.
Why It's Significant: Martin Lings is celebrated for his ability to bridge Eastern and Western intellectual traditions. His writing is lucid, profound, and respectful, avoiding oversimplification while remaining engaging. This book is often recommended as a first read for anyone seeking a serious and sympathetic understanding of Sufism beyond common misconceptions.
In short, What is Sufism? is a classic, concise guide that explains Sufi philosophy and practice with both scholarly rigor and spiritual depth